Relativity (Physics)

Recall cards on special relativity. Einstein's two postulates: the laws of physics are the same in all inertial frames, and light travels at the same speed c in all inertial frames regardless of the motion of source or observer. Relativity of simultaneity. Time dilation Delta t = gamma * Delta tau, proper time, and the Lorentz factor gamma = 1/sqrt(1 - v^2/c^2). The twin paradox. Length contraction L = L0*sqrt(1 - v^2/c^2) along the direction of motion. The Lorentz transformation, the invariant spacetime interval, and light cones. Relativistic velocity addition. The relativistic Doppler effect, redshift, and blueshift. Relativistic momentum p = gamma*m*u. Relativistic energy E = gamma*m*c^2, rest energy E0 = m*c^2, kinetic energy K = (gamma - 1)*m*c^2, the energy-momentum relation E^2 = (pc)^2 + (mc^2)^2, and mass-energy equivalence.