Advanced Theories of Covalent Bonding (Chemistry)

Recall cards on advanced covalent bonding theory: valence bond theory (the overlap of half-filled atomic orbitals, orbital overlap and bond strength, the energy of bond formation and bond distance, and sigma and pi bonds in single, double, and triple bonds); hybrid atomic orbitals (hybridization and its relation to VSEPR electron-pair geometry, and the sp, sp2, sp3, sp3d, and sp3d2 hybrid sets with their geometries and bond angles); multiple bonds (the sigma-plus-pi description of double and triple bonds in ethene and acetylene, restricted rotation about double bonds, and delocalization in benzene); and molecular orbital theory (bonding and antibonding molecular orbitals from the linear combination of atomic orbitals, molecular orbital diagrams, bond order, paramagnetism and diamagnetism, the paramagnetism of oxygen, and s-p mixing in second-period diatomic molecules).