Therapy and Treatment (Psychology)

Recall cards on the therapy and treatment of psychological disorders. History of treatment: supernatural attributions, exorcism, trephining, the witch trials, asylums, Pinel and Dorothea Dix, the arrival of antipsychotics, deinstitutionalization and its failures, voluntary versus involuntary treatment, and mental health parity. Types of treatment: psychotherapy versus biomedical therapy; psychoanalysis (free association, resistance, transference, dream analysis); play therapy; behavior therapy (counterconditioning, aversive conditioning, exposure therapy, systematic desensitization, token economies); cognitive and cognitive-behavioral therapy (Beck, Ellis, cognitive distortions); humanistic and client-centered therapy (Rogers, unconditional positive regard, active listening); and biomedical options (psychotropic medications, ECT, TMS). Treatment modalities: intake, individual, group, couples, and family therapy (systems, structural, and strategic approaches). Substance-related and addictive disorders: addiction as a chronic disease, relapse, comorbidity, detoxification, and treatment duration. The sociocultural model: cultural competence, multicultural counseling, and barriers to therapy utilization such as stigma and language.